Loans ke world mein ghusna thoda confusing lag sakta hai, lekin jab aap basic terms aur definitions samajh lete hain, toh sab kuch aasan ho jaata hai. Chaliye, ek aisi journey par chalte hain jahan hum common loan-related terms ko explore karenge aur inhe simple words mein samjhenge.
Introduction
Loan lene ki soch rahe hain? Loans ke basics terms ko samajhna zaroori hai. Yeh terms aapko better decisions lene mein madad karenge. Aapko interest rates, loan agreements aur collateral ke baare mein detail mein pata hona chahiye. Chaliye, in terms ko ek-ek karke samajhte hain.
Loan Agreement
Loan agreement woh contract hota hai jo lender aur borrower ke beech sign hota hai. Isme loan ki terms aur conditions likhi hoti hain jaise loan amount, interest rate, repayment schedule, etc.
Down Payment
Down payment woh initial payment hoti hai jo borrower ko loan amount ke against pay karni padti hai. Yeh loan ke principal ko reduce karti hai aur lender ke risk ko bhi kam karti hai.
Fixed-Rate Loan
Fixed-rate loan aisa loan hota hai jisme interest rate loan ke tenure ke dauran same rehta hai. Yeh predictable monthly payments provide karta hai aur budget banana aasan bana deta hai.
Guarantor
Guarantor woh person hota hai jo borrower ke behalf par loan repayment ki guarantee deta hai. Agar borrower default karta hai, toh guarantor ko loan repay karna padta hai.
Interest
Interest woh amount hota hai jo borrower ko loan lene ke liye lender ko pay karna padta hai. Yeh loan amount ka ek percentage hota hai aur lender ke profit ke roop mein kaam karta hai.
Grace Period
Grace period woh time hota hai jo loan repayment start hone se pehle diya jata hai. Is period ke dauran, borrower ko interest ya principal pay karne ki zaroorat nahi hoti.
Mortgagor
Mortgagor woh person hota hai jo loan ke against property ko mortgage karta hai.
Mortgagee
Mortgagee woh institution hoti hai jo mortgagor ko loan provide karti hai.
Amortisation Schedule
Amortisation schedule ek table hota hai jo loan ki repayment ko breakdown karta hai. Isme har payment ka principal aur interest ka breakup hota hai.
Principal
Principal loan ka original amount hota hai jo borrower ne lender se liya hota hai.
Principal and Interest to Income Ratio
Yeh ratio borrower ke monthly loan payments (principal + interest) aur uski monthly income ke beech ka comparison hota hai. Isse borrower ki repayment capacity ka andaaza lagta hai.
Loan Term
Loan term woh duration hota hai jiske dauran borrower ko loan repay karna hota hai. Yeh typically kuch months se lekar kuch saalon tak hota hai.
Loan-to-Value Ratio (LTV)
Loan-to-Value Ratio (LTV) loan amount aur property ke appraised value ke beech ka ratio hota hai. Yeh lender ke risk ko measure karne ka ek tool hota hai.
APR (Annual Percentage Rate)
APR yaani Annual Percentage Rate total cost of borrowing hoti hai jo interest rate aur other fees ko include karti hai. Yeh borrower ko loan ki actual cost ka pata lagane mein madad karti hai.
Mortgage
Mortgage ek aisa loan hota hai jo property ko collateral ke roop mein use karta hai. Borrower property ko mortgage karta hai aur lender se loan leta hai.
Prepayment Penalty
Prepayment penalty woh fee hoti hai jo borrower ko loan amount ko jaldi repay karne par pay karni padti hai. Yeh fee lender ke lost interest ko compensate karti hai.
Refinance
Refinance ka matlab hota hai ek existing loan ko naya loan lekar replace karna. Isse borrower ko lower interest rate ya better loan terms mil sakti hain.
Underwriting
Underwriting ek process hota hai jisme lender borrower ki creditworthiness ko evaluate karta hai. Isme borrower ke credit score, income aur debt-to-income ratio ko check kiya jata hai.
Subprime Loan
Subprime loan aisa loan hota hai jo high-risk borrowers ko diya jata hai jinke credit scores low hote hain. Isme interest rates zyada hota hai kyunki risk bhi zyada hota hai.
Debt Consolidation
Debt consolidation ek financial strategy hoti hai jisme borrower multiple loans ko combine karke ek single loan le leta hai. Isse borrower ko lower interest rate aur single monthly payment ka benefit milta hai.
Collateral
Collateral woh asset hota hai jo borrower loan ke against pledge karta hai. Agar borrower loan repay nahi kar pata, toh lender collateral ko seize karke apne paise recover kar sakta hai.
Truth in Lending Act
Truth in Lending Act ek federal law hai jo lenders ko borrowers ko loan ke terms aur costs ke baare mein disclose karne ke liye force karta hai. Isse borrowers ko informed decisions lene mein madad milti hai.
Credit Report
Credit report ek document hota hai jo borrower ke credit history ko summarise karta hai. Isme borrower ke past loans, repayments aur credit score ka record hota hai.
Credit Score
Credit score ek numerical value hoti hai jo borrower ki creditworthiness ko represent karti hai. Higher credit score borrower ke good credit history ko indicate karta hai aur lower risk ke roop mein dekha jata hai.
Loan Underwriting
Loan underwriting woh process hai jisme lender borrower ki financial background ko evaluate karta hai taaki loan approval ka decision liya ja sake. Isme borrower ke credit score, income aur assets ko analyse kiya jata hai.
Conclusion
Loans ke terms ko samajhna aapko informed decisions lene mein madad karega. In definitions aur concepts ko achhe se samajh kar aap apne liye best loan options choose kar sakte hain. Aapki financial journey ko smooth aur successful banane ke liye yeh knowledge kaafi helpful hogi. Or blogs read krnae kae lea financebabu p jaayea
FAQs
1. Loan agreement kya hota hai?
Loan agreement ek legal contract hota hai jo lender aur borrower ke beech sign hota hai jisme loan ki terms aur conditions likhi hoti hain.
2. Down payment kya hota hai?
Down payment woh initial amount hota hai jo borrower loan amount ke against pay karta hai, jo loan ke principal ko reduce karta hai.
3. Guarantor ka role kya hota hai?
Guarantor borrower ke behalf par loan repayment ki guarantee deta hai aur borrower ke default hone par loan repay karta hai.
4. Amortisation schedule kya hota hai?
Amortisation schedule ek table hota hai jo loan ki repayment ko breakdown karta hai aur har payment ka principal aur interest ka
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